עברית

Energy Forum 22: Nuclear power station in Israel

Prof. Gershon Grossman, Dr. Tal Goldrath
Cite As:
Grossman Gershon, Goldrath Tal. Energy Forum 22: Nuclear power station in Israel Haifa Israel: Samuel Neaman Institute, 2011. https://neaman.org.il/EN/EF22-Nuclear-power-station-Israel
Download files:
SNI's Energy Forum 22 - English summary(92KB) SNI's Energy Forum 22 Report - Nuclear power station in Israel(1170KB)

נושא הקמת תחנת כוח גרעינית נמצא על סדר היום של משק האנרגיה בישראל עוד משנות ה-70 של המאה שעברה, כחלק מן ההחלטה לגוון את "סל הדלקים" של המדינה. בניגוד למעבר לייצור חשמל מנפט לפחם שהיה טבעי (אם כי לא פשוט) ליישום, הנושא הגרעיני מורכב בהרבה. חשמל מכורים גרעיניים מיוצר בעולם כבר מן התקופה שלאחר מלחמת העולם השנייה. כיום פועלים כ-440 כורים ב-30 מדינות, בתפוקה כוללת של כ-GWe 380, ועוד כ-60 כורים נמצאים בהקמה ב-14 מדינות.  בשנת 2010 יוצרו מכורים גרעיניים 2630 מיליארד קווט"ש המהווים כ-14% מכלל החשמל בעולם.
בציבור קיימת בעיית תדמית קשה לאנרגיה הגרעינית שגרמה לצמצום רב בהקמת תחנות גרעיניות חדשות, עד כדי עצירה מוחלטת במדינות מסוימות. התאונה בפוקושימה, יפן בתחילת שנה זו חידדה את הנושא עוד יותר, למרות שניתוח יסודי של האירועים מצביע דווקא על האיתנות של הטכנולוגיה. נושא הקבילות הציבורית, יחד עם היבטים נוספים של הטכנולוגיה, יידון בפורום זה.

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