Investments in Civilian Research & Development in Israel: Background Data for Development of a National Policy

Prof. Arnon Bentur

Cite As:
Bentur Arnon. Investments in Civilian Research & Development in Israel: Background Data for Development of a National Policy Haifa Israel: Samuel Neaman Institute, 2001. https://neaman.org.il/EN/Investments-Civilian-R-D-in-Israel-Background-Data-Development-National-Policy

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Israel is basing its progress and prosperity on human capital (quality manpower) and unique knowledge. The outstanding expression of this is the development of an industry based on advance knowledge which in the last decade led Israel to an impressive average economic growth of 5%, of which 30% stem from high-tech industry (1). In spite of the recession in recent months forecast predict that the growth will continue in the intermediate and long range period.

Development of this kind is the outcome of a variety of processes which took place during this period and before, part of them target oriented processes. A central component in these processes is the advancement of R&D which created an impressive infrastructure of knowledge. This knowledge was translated into a variety of technologies with economic potential that were developed and applied by skilled manpower.

In the dynamic and competitive world we live in big and ongoing investment in R&D infrastructure is needed if we want to preserve Israel's position, not to mention its advancement beyond the present situation. In this context, the news that investments in R&D in Israel in the year 2000 reached 4.1% of the GDP, stirred quite a lot of excitement. This is one of the highest investments rates in the world, if not the highest among the developed countries. There is a tendency, that on the face of it seems justified and logical, to see in this high investment rate a testimony to a correct policy in the area of R&D.

However, in order to examine in depth the national policy for investment in R&D one must take into consideration not only the overall investment but also its distribution among the different sectors and activities. In the framework of this position paper data will be presented on the distribution of investments in R&D together with an analysis of significances, based on a change in trends during recent years and in comparison with other countries. Analysis of the data, as shown later on, compares what is happening in Israel with what is happening in Finland and OECD countries for reasons to be given later.

The aim of this analysis is to raise issues of national R&D policy that in relating to it one also needs a quantitative point of view on investments in R&D and their meaning.

It is appropriate to emphasize that this analysis relates only to investments in civilian R&D, data of which is available to the public at large. There is no doubt that the defense R&D had an influence on the civilian sector too, thanks to the spillover of know-how and manpower that acquired its skill in the framework of the defense R&D. An in depth treatment of this aspect is impossible in the framework of the present position paper, and reference to it will be indirect.

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Oded Bizan

Cooperation and Competition in R&D with Uncertainty & Spillovers, Science, Technology and the Economy Program STE-WP-6

D. B. Silipo , Avi Weiss

Defense R&D and Economic Growth in Israel: A Research Agenda, Science, Technology and the Economy Program STE-WP-4

Dan Peled

R&D, Subsidies and Productivity, Science, Technology and the Economy Program STE-WP-7

Saul Lach , Robert M. Sauer

Sources of U.S. Longevity Increase, 1960-1997, Science, Technology and the Economy Program STE-WP-3

Frank Lichtenberg

R&D Policy in Israel: An Overview and Reassessment, Science, Technology and the Economy Program STE-WP-2

Manuel Trajtenberg

Do R&D Subsidies Stimulate or Displace Private R&D? Evidence from Israel, Science, Technology and the Economy Program (STE) - Working Papers Series STE-WP-1

Saul Lach

Innovation in Israel 1968-1997: A Comparative Analysis using Patent Data, Science, Technology and the Economy Program STE-WP-5

Manuel Trajtenberg

Environmental technologies - the green future

Ofira Ayalon , Avi Temkin

Investment Policies in Defense R&D Programs

Oren Setter , Asher Tishler

Space Technology, Patterns of Warfare and Force Build-up: Between a Power and a Small State

Deganit Paikowsky

The National Science and Technology Policy of Israel

Zehev Tadmor

The Ramifications of Technology Transfer Based on Intellectual Property Licensing

Niva Elkin-Koren

Data and Indicators on Aerospace Engineering, ICT and Biotechnology in Israel

Daphne Getz , Vered Gilad , Marian Shumaf - Tehawkho

A survey of active researchers at the Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute at the Technion

Daphne Getz , Bahina Eidelman , Yair Even-Zohar

Human Resources for Science and Technology in Israel

Daphne Getz , Tsipy Buchnik , Bella Zalmanovich , Marian Shumaf - Tehawkho , Sivan Frenkel

Traditional industries' innovation survey in Israel

Dan Peled , Geri Laufer

Establishment of R&D Anti-Terror Warfare Mechanism for Homeland Security Protection from Terrorism

Orna Barri , Liron Nadav , Ilan Kuziatin , Shmulik Yachin , Manuel Trajtenberg , Danny Arditi , Hemi Peker , Dan Inbar

Evaluation of the Space Industry's Impact on the Israeli Economy

Daphne Getz , Arkady Katsman , Bella Zalmanovich , Deganit Paikowsky , Vered Gilad , Yair Even-Zohar

Bioethanol in Israel: global context, research, planning and policy

Ofira Ayalon , Haim Zaban , Efrat Elimelech , Jonathan Spenser , Miriam Lev-On , Perry Lev-On

Outputs in Israel: International Comparison of Scientific Publications, 1990-2011

Daphne Getz , Avishag Gordon , Noa Lavid , Yair Even-Zohar , Iris Eyal , Ella Barzani

Israeli R&D Output: international comparison of scientific publications

Daphne Getz , Yair Even-Zohar , Bella Zalmanovich , Eran Leck , Gideon Czapski

Intellectual Property in the Government Sector

Daphne Getz , Bahina Eidelman , Miriam Asotsky , Bella Zalmanovich , Sharon Bar-Ziv

National Energy Technologies Research and Development Survey

Ofira Ayalon , Michal Nachmany , Tal Goldrath , Daphne Getz , Vered Gilad , Eran Leck , Yifaat Baron

Innovation in Israel 2010 Implementation of

Gilead Fortuna , Elad Shaviv , Moshe Elad , Dorin Almog-Sudai

Policy on Levering Stem Cell Research through Intellectual Property

Daphne Getz , Niva Elkin-Koren , Bahina Eidelman , Miriam Asotsky , Bella Zalmanovich , Yair Even-Zohar , Yael Bergman-Eshet , Sharon Bar-Ziv , Talya Ponchek , Dalit Sagiv

Innovation of Foreign R&D Centres in Israel: Evidence from Patent and Firm Level Data

Daphne Getz , Eran Leck , Vered Gilad

Towards Mapping National Innovation Ecosystem: Israel's Innovation ecosystem

Amnon Frenkel , Shlomo Maital , Eran Leck , Daphne Getz , Vered Gilad

Evaluation of the Space Industry's Impact on the Israeli Economy

Daphne Getz , Arkady Katsman , Bella Zalmanovich , Deganit Paikowsky , Vered Gilad , Yair Even-Zohar

R&D Outputs in Israel: International Comparison of Scientific Publications, 2017

Daphne Getz , Noa Lavid , Ella Barzani

R&D Outputs in Israel- Characteristics of Inventive Activity 2000-2015

Eran Leck , Daphne Getz , Ilia Zatcovetsky

Promoting R&D and Innovation in the Israeli Periphery - Final report

Daphne Getz , Emil Israel , Tzameret Rubin , Eyal Salinger , Tsipy Buchnik , Oshrat Katz Shacham , Tamar Dayan , Ella Barzani

Science , Technology and Innovation Indicators in Israel: An International Comparison (Six edition)

Daphne Getz , Tsipy Buchnik , Ilia Zatcovetsky

R&D Outputs in Israel Analysis of Scientific Publications

Daphne Getz , Noa Lavid , Ella Barzani

R&D outputs in Israel: Inventive Characteristics of Local and Foreign Activity in the Israel Patent Authority

Eran Leck , Daphne Getz , Ilia Zatcovetsky

R&D Outputs in Israel / Analysis of Scientific Publications - 2020

Daphne Getz , Rinat Klein , Ella Barzani

Research universities in the national R&D in Israel

Dan Peled , Benjamin Bental , Tzameret Rubin , Daphne Getz , Vered Gilad , Tsipy Buchnik

Home: Milestones in Shaping a Policy for the Return of Residents to their Homes at the End of the War

Meirav Aharon Gutman , Yaron Yavelberg , Gil Rabivo , Galit Wellner , Yael Eylat Van Essen , Moran Koren , Ron Kenett , Ido Rom , Nili Shchory , Maayan Shiri , Golan Tamir

Knowledge flow in Technological Business Incubators: Evidence from Australia and Israel

Tzameret Rubin

Insects in the Service of Man: Review and Recommendations for the City of Afula as a Hub to Promote the Field

Gilead Fortuna , Idan Liebes , Shiri Freund-Koren

Science , Technology and Innovation Indicators in Israel: An International Comparison (Third edition)

Daphne Getz , Dan Peled , Tsipy Buchnik , Ilia Zatcovetsky , Yair Even-Zohar

National Strategy for Framing and Prioritizing Environmental Protection Research and Development Topics

Ofira Ayalon , Adi Wolfson , Daniel Madar , Naama Shapira , Maayan Zerbib Tsion

Science , Technology and Innovation Indicators in Israel: An International Comparison (second edition)

Daphne Getz , Dan Peled , Yair Even-Zohar , Tsipy Buchnik , Sivan Frenkel , Marian Shumaf - Tehawkho , Solly Peleg , Nava Brenner , Ora Shay , Galya Yohai